Showing posts with label Kunstmuseum Basel. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Kunstmuseum Basel. Show all posts

12/08/25

Ghosts Exhibition @ Kunstmuseum Basel - Visualizing the Supernatural

Ghosts
Visualizing the Supernatural
Kunstmuseum Basel
September 20, 2025 – March 8, 2026 

Angela Deane Art
Angela Deane
 
All Of Us, 2025
Painted-over photograph, 8.89 x 8.89 cm
Image Courtesy of Angela Deane
© Angelina Deane

Tony Oursler Art
Tony Oursler
Fantasmino, 2017
Acrylic resin on canvas and 
digital hardware with moving image
46.99 x 21.59 x 17.78 cm
Collection of Tony Oursler
Photo by Andrea Guermani
Image Courtesy of Tony Oursler 

William Blair Bruce Art
William Blair Bruce
The Phantom Hunter, 1888
Oil on canvas, 151.1 x 192.1 cm
Art Gallery of Hamilton. Bruce Memorial, 1914

Benjamin West Art
Benjamin West
Saul and the Witch of Endor, 1777
Oil on canvas, 50.5 x 65.1 cm
Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, CT
Bequest of Clara Hinton Gould

Ghosts seem to be everywhere. Visual culture teems with specters, from Hollywood blockbusters like Ghostbusters (1984) to indie films such as All of Us Strangers (2023). They haunt screens, theater stages, and pages: literature, folklore, and myth are saturated with spirits that refuse to leave us in peace.

They have also always haunted art. As entities of the in-between, ghosts are mediators between worlds, between above and below, life and death, horror and humor, good and evil, visible and invisible. Any attempt to depict, record, or communicate with them thus offers a conceptual challenge and an emotional thrill.

This fall and winter, the Kunstmuseum Basel dedicates an extensive exhibition to these unfathomable entities. With over 160 works and objects created during the past 250 years, Ghosts. Visualizing the Supernatural explores the rich visual culture associated with ghosts that took shape in the Western hemisphere in the nineteenth century—when science, spiritualism, and popular media began to intersect in new ways, inspiring art and artists ever since.

Today, the nineteenth century is mostly regarded as a golden age of rationality, science, and technology but it was also a high season for the belief in ghosts and apparitions. In the second half of the century, ghosts became a tool for probing the emerging contours of the psyche and helped open new paths into people’s inner lives. The Romantic era produced an appetite for spectacles and marvels, and a belief in spirits was flanked by innovations in technology, including in the technologies of illusion (such as the theatrical technique, Pepper’s Ghost).

Edouard Isidore Buguet
Edouard Isidore Buguet
Women with the spirit of her husband, ca. 1873-1875
Albumen silver print, ca. 8.2 x 5 cm; 10.5 x 6.3 cm (With border)
Collection of The College of Psychic Studies, London
Photo: The College of Psychic Studies, London

Staveley Bulford
Staveley Bulford
Spirit photograph, 1921
Silver gelatine print mounted on card
15.9 x 12.5 cm; 30.3 x 25.4 cm (With mount)
Collection of The College of Psychic Studies, London
Photo: The College of Psychic Studies, London

The invention of photography around 1830 had led to the rise of spirit photography with important proponents such as William H. Mumler in the United States and, later, William Hope in England; their photographs, which seemed to make loved ones reappear, held the promise of a life after death and became a notable influence on what we imagine ghosts to look like, even today. Munich “ghost baron” Albert von Schrenck-Notzing—arguably the most famous parapsychologist—combined the novel technical means of photography with a quasi-scientific approach and intended to document the supernatural apparitions produced in his mediumistic seances. (His seances were attended and witnessed, on several occasions, by none other than the writer Thomas Mann).

While spirit photography is thus a central theme of the show, the writings and pictures created by spiritualist mediums to record their direct contact with the world of ghosts offer a variation on the broader theme of communication. Given the close connection of ghosts and states of psychological distress, the exhibition also takes a close interest in hauntings, when ghosts inhabit spaces. It follows these trails and developments as they originated in Western culture in the nineteenth century and stays largely focused on artists who drew inspiration from the resulting diverse visual traces and ghostly narratives. In doing so, it gleefully branches out into bodies of images beyond fine art, whose influence on artists in the twentieth century is demonstrated in the second half of the exhibition.

The exhibition and accompanying magazine-style publication were prepared in close consultation with two expert advisors—Andreas Fischer of the Freiburg IGPP (Institute for frontier areas of psychology and mental health), a leading authority on spirit photography and materialization phenomena, and British art historian Susan Owens, author of The Ghost: A Cultural History (2017), who has aptly called ghosts “humanity’s shadows”. The project traces this human element, therefore excluding angels, nature spirits, demons, and the like. Instead, it turns a spotlight on the theme’s poetic potential, its power to inspire, and the function of ghosts as a metaphor sustaining critical responses to the contemporary world, often addressing things that cannot be repressed.

The fact that such manifestations interact continually with our collective imagination—our cultural unconscious, even—is what makes the ghost such a powerful and enduring figure and the exhibition a surprising, fun, and thought-provoking journey. The scenography, intended to help open the senses to atmospheric changes and liminal experiences, was conceived by Alicja Jelen and Clemens Müller of please don’t touch (Dortmund).

Curator: Eva Reifert

KUNSTMUSEUM BASEL | Neubau

16/05/24

Exposition When We See Us : Un siècle de peinture figurative panafricaine @ Kunstmuseum Basel | Gegenwart

When We See Us
Un siècle de peinture figurative panafricaine
Kunstmuseum Basel | Gegenwart
25 mai - 27 octobre 2024

Sungi Mlengeya
Sungi Mlengeya
Constant III, 2019
Acrylic paint on canvas, 140 x 140 cm
Courtesy of the Ditau Collection

Zéh Palito
Que Se Chama Amor, 2022
Acrylic on canvas, 162 x 125 cm
Courtesy the artist, Simões de Assis and Luce Gallery

Avec l’exposition When We See Us, le Kunstmuseum Basel présente un kaléidoscope qui raconte un siècle de peinture figurative noire. Il s'agit d’une reprise de l’exposition organisée au Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art of Africa au Cap. Installée dans les espaces du Gegenwart, elle réunit plus de 150 peintures d’environ 120 artistes, jamais exposées en Suisse pour la plupart, et apporte un éclairage sur la puissance et la dimension politique de la « Black Joy ».

Le titre de l’exposition s’inspire de la mini-série de Netflix When They See Us (2019). La réalisatrice afro-américaine Ava DuVernay y aborde la manière dont des Blancs perçoivent indifféremment de jeunes Noirs innocents comme de potentiels criminels constituant une menace. En remplaçant « They » par « We », l’exposition opère un changement de perspective et offre ainsi un espace aux artistes pour montrer la manière dont il voient leur condition. Elle accorde une place centrale à leur perception propre et révèle comment la vie des Noirs ne cessa d’être représentée par d’autres de manière biaisée et fausse.

When We See Us est le résultat de recherches approfondies menées par Koyo Kouoh, directrice et cheffe curatrice du Zeitz MOCAA au Cap, et son équipe. De novembre 2022 à septembre 2023, ce musée dédié à l’art contemporain africain le plus grand au monde a présenté cette vaste exposition. Celle-ci est représentative d’une nouvelle perception de soi et de l’autodétermination d’artistes noir.e.s qui, après des siècles de domination par le canon artistique blanc, écrivent leur propre histoire de l’art. Au Kunstmuseum Basel, elle succède à une série d’expositions monographiques consacrées à des artistes afro-américain.e.s : Theaster Gates, Sam Gilliam, Kara Walker et dernièrement Carrie Mae Weems. Ces expositions et bien d’autres explorent la « Blackness » dans le monde, notamment au regard des traumatismes et des aspects du colonialisme. D’après les commissaires Koyo Kouoh et Tandazani Dhlakama, When We See Us se concentre quant à elle sur le quotidien ainsi que sur la « puissance de la joie », éliminant ainsi les stéréotypes liés au racisme, à la violence ou aux crises. L’exposition s’attache à proposer aux individus un nouvel angle de vue tour à tour solennel, puissant et digne : « Il faut que nous parlions beaucoup plus de nous-mêmes, d’une manière qui stimule notre esprit » disent-elles. 

Wangari Mathenge
Wangari Mathenge
Sundials and Sonnets, 2019
Oil on canvas, 137.2 x 172.7 cm
Credit : Pascale M. Thomas and Tayo E. Famakinwa

Six sections du quotidien

Plus de cent cinquante oeuvres d’art sont réparties en six chapitres d’exposition : Le quotidien, Joie et allégresse, Repos, Sensualité, Spiritualité et Triomphe et émancipation. Les salles ne sont pas aménagées de manière chronologique, ni selon le pays d’origine ou le lieu de travail des artistes.

La déclinaison en des thèmes universels indique également pour la première fois que les artistes ont travaillé aux mêmes thématiques à différents endroits en Afrique et au sein de la diaspora africaine. Ainsi, des parallèles iconographiques s’esquissent entre les oeuvres de Romare Bearden (1911–1988), artiste afro-américain, et de George Pemba (Afrique du Sud, 1912–2001), ou entre le Congolais Chéri Samba (*1956) et l’Afro-Américain Barkley L. Hendricks (1945–2017).

When We See Us occupe l’ensemble des espaces du Kunstmuseum Basel | Gegenwart. Comme au Zeitz MOCAA, Ilze Wolff, associée de l’agence Wolff Architects au Cap, a été chargée de la scénographie, tandis que le musicien Neo Muyanga a conçu les stations sonores. Une frise chronologique précise le contexte de création des oeuvres exposées et un audioguide adapté pour le Kunstmuseum Basel fournit des informations sur les oeuvres.

Le programme qui accompagne l’exposition met en avant différentes voix noires à travers la musique, la littérature, des ateliers, des visites guidées, des groupes de discussion et des événements universitaires. Au rez-de-chaussée, une salle spécialement conçue pour accueillir ce programme sert de lounge public ainsi que de lieu de rassemblement et d’événements pour les ateliers, séminaires, concerts et autres.

Chapitres d’exposition et liste des artistes

Triomphe et émancipation

Le sentiment de fierté envers sa propre histoire et ses réussites malgré l’adversité et une oppression longue de plusieurs siècles figure au coeur de ce chapitre. Au rez-de-chaussée du musée, les visiteur.euse.s croisent des icônes mondialement connues, à l’instar du tableau de Chéri Chérin Obama Revolution (2009), sur un pied d’égalité avec des figures certes anonymes, mais fortes, comme dans le Portrait of a Sudanese Gentleman (1951) d’Ibrahim El-Salahi. Les personnes représentées s’occupent des biens culturels des ancêtres ou sont des hommes et des femmes politiques engagés et des individus ayant obtenu le succès et la reconnaissance sociale.

Chéri Samba
Chéri Samba 
Hommage aux anciens créateurs, 2000 
Acrylic on canvas, 135 x 200 cm 
Private Collection, courtesy of MAGNIN-A Gallery, Paris 

Artistes : Benny Andrews, Margaret Taylor Burroughs, Chéri Chérin, Kudzanai Chiurai, Aboubacar Diané, Ibrahim El-Salahi, Ben Enwonwu, Gherdai Hassell, Wifredo Lam, Akinola Lasekan, Mustafa Maluka, Eria Nsubuga ‘Sane’, Augustin Okoye, George Pemba, Chéri Samba, Mmapula Mmakgabo Helen Sebidi, Gerard Sekoto, Katlego Tlabela, Cyprien Tokoudagba

Sensualité

Sensualité présente des corps noirs de manière intime et avec aplomb comme ne l’avait guère permis le canon visuel occidental. Le modèle noir, d’après Félix Vallotton (2019) de Roméo Mivekannin fait directement écho à ce canon, de même que Reclining Nude with Lemon (2021) de Sahara Longe. Ce chapitre montre toute la palette de la sensualité, de l’amour et des relations intimes. L’ensemble des oeuvres ont en commun l’autodétermination des protagonistes. 

Chris Ofili
Chris Ofili 
Within Reach 7, 2002 
Gouache, India ink, charcoal and gold leaf on paper, 114 x 69 cm 
© Courtesy of Jochen Zeitz Collection 

Artistes : Nina Chanel Abney, Olusegun Adejumo, Tunji Adeniyi-Jones, Maxwell Alexandre, Tiffany Alfonseca, Dominic Chambers, Somaya Critchlow, Njideka Akunyili Crosby, Elladj Lincy Deloumeaux, Aboubacar Diané, Ibrahima Kébé, Yoyo Lander, Sahara Longe, Danielle McKinney, Roméo Mivekannin, Moké, Geoffrey Mukasa, Chris Ofili, Kambui Olujimi, Tschabalala Self, Monsengo Shula, Mickalene Thomas, Bob Thompson, Kehinde Wiley.

Spiritualité

Selon les commissaires de l’exposition, il est difficile d’imaginer un quotidien noir sans spiritualité. Cette section représente le « triple héritage » décrit par l’écrivain kenyan et américain Ali Mazrui (1933-2014) dans son livre The Africans: A Triple Heritage : la "Black Life" perméable aux rituels et traditions locales, islamiques et chrétiennes. Les oeuvres présentées ici montrent une spiritualité vivante, à l’instar de Genesis Creation (1989) de Jacob Lawrence et The Dumb Oracle (2019) de Michael Armitage.

Michael Armitage
Michael Armitage
You, Who Are Still Alive, 2022
Oil on Lubugo barkcloth, 150 x 200 cm
Kunstmuseum Basel, purchase with funds from the Efren Fund,
Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft Basel
Photo : Max Ehrengruber 
© Michael Armitage 

Cassi Namoda
Cassi Namoda 
To Live Long Is To See Much (Ritual Bathers III), 2020 
Oil on canvas, 152.4 x 233.6 cm 
Courtesy of Jorge M. Pérez Collection, Miami 

Artistes : Michael Armitage, Gerard Bhengu, Wilson Bigaud, Edouard Duval-Carrié, Aaron Douglas, Scherezade García, Jacob Lawrence, Cassi Namoda, Malangatana Ngwenya, Kambui Olujimi, Emma Pap’, Naudline Pierre, Prosper Pierre-Louis, María Magdalena Campos Pons, Cinga Samson, Gerard Sekoto, Devan Shimoyama, Alex Shyngle, Sthembiso Sibisi, Olivier Souffrant, Pamela Phatsimo Sunstrum, Nirit Takele.

Le quotidien

Des tableaux à l’instar de Boy with a Toy Plane (1938) d’Aaron Douglas, The Reader (1939) de William H. Johnson, Gisting in the Kitchen (2018) de Joy Labinjo ou encore l’affiche publicitaire de Johnny Arts pour Ozor International Barber also Specialist in Hair Dying and Shamporing (1962) montrent la beauté de la vie quotidienne. Ce chapitre présente des scènes de la vie publique et privée avec des moments de joie ou de contemplation, que ce soit au sein de la famille ou de la communauté, à l’occasion de jeux, à l’école, lors du portage de l’eau ou de la réalisation de tresses.

Artistes : Johnny Arts, Malang Badji, Romare Bearden, Aaron Douglas, Gervais Emmanuel Ducasse, Ben Enwonwu, Ablade Glover, Gavin Janties, William H. Johnson, Kangudia, Ibrahima Kébé, Joy Labinjo, Petson Lombe, Marvelous Mangena, Luis Meque, Moké, Meleko Mokgosi, Richard Mudariki, Theresa Mungure, Lavar Munroe, Chemu Ng’ok, Nicholous Njau, Boris Nzebo, Antoine Obin, Télémaque Obin, Bruce Onobrakpeya, George Pemba, Horace Pippin, Kingsley Sambo, Gerard Sekoto, Ancent Soi, Moustapha Souley, Edward Saidi Tingatinga, Zandile Tshabalala, Sane Wadu, Richard Witikani

Joie et allégresse

Cette section est consacrée aux moments d’allégresse et de loisir : d’après les commissaires, il reste toujours du temps pour une chanson ou une danse. Dans The Birthday Party (2021) d’Esiri Erheriene-Essi, on chante pour Steve Biko ; dans Un mardi de Carnaval (1960) de Philomé Obin, on participe aux célébrations au sein d’un défilé ; dans Jazz Rhapsody (1982) de Romare Bearden, on écoute les rythmes musicaux.

Esiri Erheriene-Essi
Esiri Erheriene-Essi
The Birthday Party, 2021
Oil, ink and Xerox transfer on linen, 150 x 200 cm
Courtesy of Jorge M. Pérez Collection, Miami

Cinthia Sifa Mulanga
Cinthia Sifa Mulanga
Wait your turn – Competitive Sisterhood, 2021
Mixed media on canvas, 76 x 101 cm
Courtesy of Serge Tiroche and the Africa First Collection 
© Courtesy African Arty Gallery

Moké
Moké
Kin oyé ou Couloir Madiokoko à Matonge, 1983
Oil on canvas, 67 x 87 cm
André Magnin Collection, 
Courtesy of MAGNIN-A Gallery, Paris

Artistes : Romare Bearden, Esiri Erheriene-Essi, Barkley L. Hendricks, Clementine Hunter, Jacob Lawrence, Arjan Martins, Moké, Cinthia Sifa Mulanga, Eric Ndlovu, Nicholous Njau, Nestor Vuza Ntoko, Philomé Obin, George Pemba, Chéri Samba, Matundu Tanda, Katlego Tlabela, Charles White.

Repos

Le troisième étage du Gegenwart réserve une place aux moments de repos, équivalents à ceux d’allégresse. Ici, on s’étire dans un canapé dans Sundials and Sonnets (2019) de Wangari Mathenge, on se promène dans la campagne dans Surveying the Family Seat (2017) de Toyin Ojih Odutola ou bien on savoure simplement le calme assis sur une chaise comme dans An evening in Mazowe (2019) de Kudzanai-Violet Hwami. Partout, des personnes détendues, seules ou dans une atmosphère familière. 


Lynette Yiadom-Boakye
Lynette Yiadom-Boakye
A Culmination, 2016
Oil on canvas, 200.5 x 250 x 3.8 cm
Kunstmuseum Basel, purchase
Photo credit: Jonas Hänggi
© Lynette Yiadom-Boakye

Zandile Tshabalala
Zandile Tshabalala 
Two Reclining Women, 2020
Acrylic paint on canvas, 91.5 x 122 cm
Courtesy of the Maduna Collection 
© Zandile Tshabalala Studio

Artistes : Cornelius Annor, Gideon Appah, Firelei Báez, Amoako Boafo, Beauford Delaney, Kudzanai-Violet Hwami, Wangari Mathenge, Neo Matloga, Sungi Mlengeya, Ian Mwesiga, Thenjiwe Niki Nkosi, Toyin Ojih Odutola, Eniwaye Oluwaseyi, Marc Padeu, Zéh Palito, Otis Kwame Kye Quaicoe, Henry Taylor, Zandile Tshabalala, Kehinde Wiley, Lynette Yiadom-Boakye

A propos des commissaires de l'exposition

Koyo Kouoh

Depuis 2019, Koyo Kouoh est directrice et cheffe curatrice du Zeitz Museum of Contemporary Art Africa (Zeitz MOCAA) au Cap. Elle a grandi en Suisse puis s’est installée à Dakar, au Sénégal, dans les années 1990, où elle a fondé le RAW Material Company, un centre pour l’art, le savoir et la société en 2008. Elle en fut également la directrice artistique. Avant et parallèlement à cela, elle a organisé et assuré le commissariat d’expositions majeures et de biennales dans le monde entier (notamment Ataraxia au Salon Suisse de la Biennale de Venise en 2017). Koyo Kouoh a beaucoup publié sur la portée internationale de la communauté artistique panafricaine. En 2020, elle a reçu le Prix Meret Oppenheim et a été reconnue comme l’une des personnalités les plus importantes et influentes du monde artistique. En tant que curatrice et critique ainsi que fondatrice d’institutions culturelles, elle a proposé de nouvelles formes de médiation et a fortement contribué à porter l’art africain sur la scène internationale.

Tandazani Dhlakama

Née au Zimbabwe, Tandazani Dhlakama travaille depuis 2017 au Zeitz MOCAA comme curatrice et dans le domaine de la médiation artistique. Auparavant, elle a travaillé à la National Gallery of Zimbabwe et occupé différentes fonctions lors d’expositions, de conférences et de biennales en Afrique. Tandazani Dhlakama possède un master en Art Gallery and Museum Studies de l’université de Leeds au Royaume-Uni (2015) et un bachelor en Beaux-Arts et Sciences Politiques de l’université St. Lawrence de New York aux États-Unis (2011). Dernièrement, elle a assuré le commissariat de Witness: Afro Perspectives from the Jorge M. Pérez Collection à El Espacio 23 de Miami – une exposition consacrée à l’oppression systématique, aux traumatismes intergénérationnels, aux nouvelles visions du monde, à l’identité et au territoire.
Le Kunstmuseum remercie Kadiatou Diallo, Sindi-Leigh McBride et Lorena Rizzo du Centre d'études africaines de l'Université de Bâle pour leur regard critique sur l'adaptation de l'exposition au Kunstmuseum de Bâle.
KUNSTMUSEUM BASEL
St. Alban-Graben 8 - 4010 Basel

27/05/01

Arnold Böcklin. A Retrospective, Kunstmuseum Basel

Arnold Böcklin. A Retrospective
Kunstmuseum Basel
19 May – 26 August 2001

Arnold Böcklin (Basel 1827-Fiesole 1901) ranks among the most important painters of the 19th century. One hundred years after his death and over twenty years after the last major exhibition devoted exclusively to him, the Kunstmuseum Basel presents a retrospective of his paintings. It offers a representative selection of 90 pictures from major public and private collections tracing Arnold Böcklin’s development from Late Romanticism to Symbolism. In accordance with present-day interest, the focus is on his imaginatively idiosyncratic imagery, which continues to fascinate and irritate. Various treatments of specific subjects shed light on his struggle to give compelling form to his visions.

Arnold Böcklin led an unsettled life. After spending his youth in Basel and then studying with Schirmer at the art academy in Düsseldorf, he moved about a great deal, accompanied after 1853 by his Roman wife, Angela, and their steadily growing family. Among the milestones along the way: his native city, Rome, Munich, Weimar, Florence, Zurich and San Domenico near Fiesole.

Going out from pure landscape, which he studied in natural surroundings, first in Switzerland and, from 1850, in the Campagna di Roma, Arnold Böcklin gradually introduced the nature gods of antiquity into his motifs. Nymphs, lascivious Satyrs and stealthy or sleeping Pans haunt the undergrowth beneath high trees, personifying the loneliness of these places. Ludwig I’s purchase of the painting Pan in the Bulrushes for the Neue Pinakothek in Munich in 1859 constituted Böcklin’s first marked success and brought him a professorship at the academy of art in Weimar. As he began taking inspiration for his portraits - most of them painted on commission - from Venetian models, figures assumed mounting importance in his work. Back in Rome in 1862, his encounter with Pompeiian painting proved formative; among other things, it prompted Arnold Böcklin to start experimenting with painting techniques, to lighten up his palette and venture a new freedom of expression. Soon his imagery grew more subjective yet. Böcklin had already produced variations on a theme earlier in his career; in the House by the Sea (first and second versions in 1864/65, others in 1877/78), he embeds the motif of longing in a variety of moody landscapes. After some unpleasant experiences with his frescoes at the Old Museum in Basel, Arnold Böcklin returned to Munich in 1871. There, under the influence of the Franco-Prussian war, he completed his (1872/72), brilliantly recasting the mythological scene as a symbol of conflict. With The Death of Cleopatra (1872), he attained a new dimension of psychological insight into a traditional subject. Seascapes like Triton and Nereid (1873/74) combine unparalleled depictions of the roiling, foaming deep with a cast of fabulous creatures borrowed from myth, fable and fairy-tale - creatures with a dual nature, a trait he appreciated equally on land. Depicting these characters realistically, in typical social situations, he shifts them to a different level of reality, thereby granting them universal validity. (first version 1880) - three of its five versions united for the first time in this exhibition - remains Böcklin’s best-known work; it captures the spirit of a whole era. In his treatment of (1882), a classical subject is imbued with radically contemporary meaning: the sculptural figure of the solitary hero, who stands turned away from the viewer, would become an icon of the Pittura Metafisica and Surrealism.

In the 1870s, Arnold Böcklin began using purer, brighter colours and clearer, more transparent forms. Compositions of fairy-tale like density show musical figures - decked-out Pans, beautifully dressed girls, diaphanously veiled women - discovering spring, enjoying the evening and mourning the coming of autumn. On the Isle of the Living (1888) the artist unites the sexes and in Vita somnium breve (1888), the ages of man. In a self-portrait of 1872 - one of six assembled in the exhibition - the painter depicts himself in Basel’s Dance Macabre tradition, in the company of Death playing the fiddle. In 1898 he portrays Death as the terrible Master of the Plague, and in his last painting, completed in 1900, Melancholy gazes into a black mirror.

Increasingly blending atmospheric landscapes and allegorically generalised figures, Arnold Böcklin emerged as one of the leading Symbolists of the German-speaking world and a formative influence on Jugendstil. As a result of the imaginative idiosyncrasy, openness and evocative power of his visions, his work generated everything from criticism and distortion to fanatical admiration, and left its mark on generations to come. Arnold Böcklin wanted viewers to be "gripped” by the subject matter and emotional intensity of his canvases. A hundred years after his death, many of his paintings continue to fulfil that hope.

KUNSTMUSEUM BASEL

10/05/98

Andy Warhol: Drawings 1942 - 1987 - Exhibition at the Kunstmuseum Basel

Andy Warhol: Drawings 1942 - 1987
Kunstmuseum Basel
May 5 - July 19, 1998

The traveling exhibition, which begins in Basel, is the first retrospective presentation of Andy Warhol's graphic works. The 230 drawings on display represent all periods of the creative activity of this popular and exacting artist. The early works from the 1950's made use of the possibilities of commercial design and, lacking any inner contradiction, raised them to "high art". The drawings executed between 1960 and 1963 are among the fundamental works of pop art, a period which the exhibition also documents with some of Warhol's paintings. A large area is devoted to the important late drawings produced between 1972 and 1987 and seldom revealed to the public.

Andy Warhol was one of the founders of American pop art and is the most single-minded of its representatives. He became famous for the silk screen prints which he had been creating since 1962. Warhol's art took up the advertising messages of the society of the mass media, the images of products in super markets, film stars, all of these recurring symbols and icons: works of an enormous inner energy which appear to passively propagate themselves. Although Warhol radically distanced himself from the "elite" culture of drawing, he was active throughout his life as an incredibly skilled and diligent draftsman. Because many of Warhol's drawings were not made for the purpose of being sold, thousands have appeared in his estate.

"Being good in business is the most fascinating kind of art. Making money is art and working is art and good business is the best art." This provocative statement is, in fact, least applicable to his drawings. But it formed the basis for Warhol's thoroughly American art - for the art of an American of European parents who had emigrated from present-day Slovakia. Warhol's father worked in Pittsburgh on construction sites and as a miner. His mother sold self-made paper flowers and the traditional hand-painted Easter eggs from her native country. When Warhol finally moved to New York in 1949, his mother immediately followed him. She actively participated in the work of her much-admired son and, as Warhol had entrusted her with everything which had to do with calligraphy including his signature, she "signed" his name on many of his works.

In 1972, the Karl August Burckhardt-Koechlin Fonds enabled the Kupferstichkabinett of the Öffentliche Kunstsammlung Basel to acquire six outstanding Warhol drawings dating from 1962. The collection, which was later substantially enlarged, led to the contact with the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh where Warhol's estate is housed. Together with it, and in collaboration with the Andy Warhol Foundation of the Visual Arts in New York, it was possible to realize this retrospective exhibition of his drawings. Most of the works are on loan from the estate in the custody of the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh and the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts in New York. Other lenders have contributed works to strengthen specific accents. In Basel, additionally, some of Warhol's important paintings as well as selected serigraphs have been juxtaposed with the drawings.

The exhibition rooms of the Kunstmuseum Basel allow the visitor to become thoroughly acquainted with the three major phases of Warhol's drawings and paintings. Part 1 in the mezzanine displays the numerous charming and diversely-playful early works from the 1950's. An internal staircase leads to Part 2, four rooms on the first floor with the 1990-1963 drawings which were fundamental for pop art. A 1960 painting on loan from Pittsburgh, one of Warhol's earliest images of a soup can, supplements this group. The second and third parts of the exhibition are joined by a spacious hall displaying three large canvases from the Öffentliche Kunstsammlung Basel, executed between 1962 and 1967, and two paintings dating from 1980-1986. Warhol's late drawings, created between 1972 and the time of his death in 1987 and following an interruption devoted to film, are exhibited as Part 3 in seven rooms at the rear of the first floor. It includes examples of some of his silk screen prints for which his drawings provided the preliminary linear structure.

The catalogue of some 280 pages, with texts by Mark Francis and Dieter Koepplin, includes color or duotone reproductions of all 230 drawings. The volume measures 31 cm x 24 cm. A hardcover edition has been published by Shirmer/Mosel Verlag. An English edition will be published in 1999.

KUNSTMUSEUM BASEL